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and it was thought that the head of the bone could be felton the dorsum of the ilium; any attempt to move the limbproduced intense pain in the hip and thigh. Under theinfluence of chloroform reduction was soon effected bymanipulation. The effects of the chloroform soon passed off,notwithstanding the unfavourable head symptoms, butsigns of compression with complete insensibility and con-vulsions gradually supervened, and death occurred on

October 5th. At the post-mortem examination a fracturewas found extending through the base of the skull, andeffusion of blood within the cranium sufficient to accountfor death.-Dr. ANNINGSON had examined the specimen, andfound much extravasated blood beneath the glutei musclesand amongst the nerves and vessels, which rendered dissec-tion difficult. The gemellus inferior was torn from itsattachment to the tuber ischii; the obturator internus andquadratus femoris were lacerated, and the obturator externuswas much bruised near its attachment to the ilium. Oncutting through the quadratus a valvular rent in the backand under part of the capsular ligament about an inch and aquarter long was found. The round ligament was tornthrough obliquely, the tear commencing close to the headof the femur.Mr. WHERRY showed a patient suffering from Myopia

caused by an orbital growth. He was first seen in July lastwith a right eyeball protruding and rotated outwards. Ondeep pressure in the upper orbit a fulness can be felt at theupper and inner aspect. The history was of double visionand of pain in the right temporal region during more thantwo years. He used to suffer also from severe attacks ofpain in the body and limbs like ″ neuralgia all over" andsometimes " sciatica." He was troubled with habitualconstipation and bleeding piles. The pain in the headincreased so much that he was driven by sleeplessness toseek advice at the hospital. He never had any venerealattack; is fifty-three years old ; has been married twenty-four years. Wife alive, aged forty-two ; has had fifteenchildren, five are living, ten dead; of these, three died youngof phthisis, two died in infancy, and five consecutively werestill-born. There is no error of refraction of the left eye,which is moderately presbyopic, S =. In the right pro-truded eye S=, with 3 D., S=. There is arather blurred margin to the nerve entrance in this eye, as iffrom optic neuritis; and it presents a marked contrast tothe other nerve entrance, which is clear and definite. Hehas a crossed diplopia; the image belonging to the left eye ishigher up and tilted. On Dec..5th, after the application of a4 per cent. solution of muriate of cocaine, a puncture was madeinto the orbital swelling with a large grooved needle, andnothing came away but a little blood; the patient statedthat he suffered very little pain from the operation. Thetreatment has been the internal use of iodide of potassiumand perchloride of mercury ; and although there is noapparent change in the deformity during the past fourmonths, yet there has been no pain whatever, and the sightof the eye has also improved; but the most interestingpoint in the case appears to be the myopia, which seemsto have been produced by the pressure, perhaps both extra-ocular and intra-ocular, though there has never been anytension.Mr. DEIGHTON read notes of a case of Adenoid Growths of

the Naso-Pharynx. C. L--, aged five years and a half, adelicate-looking little girl, born in the West Indies, of

English parents, came to England three years ago, where shehad measles very badly, and suffered from a profusepurulent discharge from her nose, but did not have any earcomplications ; since then she has suffered more or less fromstuffiness of the nose, which has increased of late, until nowshe is quite unable to blow her nose, always sleeps with themouth open, snores, and even in the day-time continually hasher mouth open and breathes noisily. Of late she has beengetting somewhat deaf. On examination of the anteriornares the mucous membrane of the inferior turbinatedbones was not hypertrophied or unnatural in colour. Thetonsils were only slightly enlarged. Rhinoscopy wasimpracticable, but on examining the vault of the pharynx alarge mass of post-nasal growths, which bled very readily,was detected by the finger. These were removed byLowenberg’s forceps. In order to re-establish respirationthrough the nose, the mother was told to check the childwhenever she was seen to be breathing with the mouth open,and a chin rest with tapes to tie over the head was orderedto be worn during sleep. This treatment was entirelysuccessful.

SHEFFIELD MEDICO-OHIRURGTOAL SOCIETY.

AT the meeting on December 4th, Mr. W. A. Garrard,President, in the chair,

Mr. S. SNFLL introduced (by card) two female patients,one with Exophthalmic Goitre (monocular), and the otherwith Congenital Palsy of the Third Nerve.

Mr. WRENCH exhibited twelve Pure Cultivations of Bacilliprepared by Mr. Watson Cheyne, F.R.C.S., Director of theBiological Laboratory, International Health Exhibition, anddescribed the mode of cultivation and the proof that a

given organism is the cause of a disease.Mr. SIMEON SNELL demonstrated the effects, on a youth,

of Cocaine as a Local Anæsthetic when dropped into the eye,Mr. Snell referred to a number of operations in which hehad made use of it. These included, among others, twocataract extractions, two cases of needling for opaque cap-sule, three squints, tarsal cysts, pterygrium, including severalothers, and cases also of removal of foreign bodies from thecornea; two iridectomies, one being for glaucoma. li(,believed the drug to be of great service, and it would in manyinstances obviate the necessity for chloroform or ether.The mydriatic effects were mentioned, and its use in auralsurgery-for example, polypi-as well as in general surgerywas alluded to.-Mr. C. Atkin, Mr. Pye Smith, and Dr,Hannan made observations.

Mr. ARTHUR JACKSON exhibited a Cystic Sarcoma of theTibia. The whole thickness of the tibia in its lower thirdwas eaten away, only a thickened membrane being left infront. The patient, a man, had been knocked on the shinnineteen months previously. He had been under treatmenttwelve months ago, and suffered severe pain, especially atnight. Later on he was under hydropathic treatment, andhe had always been a vegetarian. On September 5th last hewas admitted into the infirmary, and on the 6th the limbwas amputated at the lower third of the thigh. Mr. Jacksonreferred to vegetarian diet as not being good for reparativeprocesses; the stump was going to the bad until the patientconsented to take some meat.Mr. ATKIN read the notes- of a case of Congenital Coc-

cygeal Tumour, occurring in the practice of Mr. ArthurJackson at the infirmary. It sprang from the right side ofthe sacrum and coccyx, the bone being on the left deficient.Double talipes equino-varus was also present. Microscopicalsections were shown of the growth, when it was seen to beof a very mixed character; fatty, fibrous, and cartilaginouselements were seen, as were well-marked ducts lined withcolumnar-shaped epithelium. Cysts were also present,interspersed amongst the fibrous tissue, containing a semi-opaque yellowish granular material. Mr. Atkin made re-marks on the different descriptions that have been given asto the pathology of these tumours, and laid stress on thetotal absence of anything that might be considered sarco-matous.

Mr. LONGBOTTOM showed a specimen of Stricture of thePylorus. The patient, a man aged sixty-five, had onlycomplained of indisposition for two months before death,then he suffered from dyspeptic symptoms, and vomitedlarge quantities of sour fluid containing sarcinae, whichresisted all treatment. At the post-mortem the stomachwas found enormously distended and attached to manysurrounding organs, including the spleen, a hard roundedmass occupying the pylorus; the growth was well denned,not extending to the duodenum; the other organs werehealthy. Mr. Longbottom remarked on the question ofoperation in such cases.

Mr. LONGBOTTOM also showed a Scirrhous Enlargement ofthe Left Lobe of the Liver from a man aged fifty-one. Hehad complained of pain in the right side for twelve months.An enlargement, the size of a hen’s egg, was noticed threemonths ago; it did not occasion much pain. When seenseven weeks before death a considerable nodular swellingoccupied much of the abdomen. At the post-mortemexamination the left lobe of the liver was found enormouslyenlarged, extending to four inches beyond the ensiformappendix on the left side, attached to the diaphragm andabdominal walls in front; the growth weighed ten poundsand a half.

Dr. CLEAVER read a paper on Infantile Diarrhoea; andafter rapidly reviewing the different forms of diarrhoeaand the treatment to be adopted, and pointing out the

danger of medical men attempting to treat diseases of

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diarrhœa, alike without sufficiently inquiring into the causeand origin of each case, he proceeded at greater length toreview the form known as summer diarrhoea. After con-siderable experience at the Children’s Hospital and in

private practice he had come to the conclusion that thisparticular form of diarrhoea was, in a great measure, due totemperature and feeding, and particularly was this the caseif cow’s milk had been the means of nourishing the child.He invariably changed the diet to Swiss condensed milk,and with the happiest results, never having had occasion toregret in a single instance the substitution of Swiss milkfor cow’s milk.-In the subsequent discussion the followinggentlemen took part: the President, Dr. Dyson, Mr. Reckless,Dr. Lyth, and Mr. Jackson.-Dr. Cleaver replied.

Reviews and Notices of Books.The Ori,gin of Cultivated Plants. By A. DE CANDOLLE,.

London: Kegan Paul and Co. 1884.-This little volumeis a valuable contribution to the knowledge of the sub-ject, being the embodiment of the most painstakingantiquarian and scholarly research, and the result ofscientific acumen applied to the misleading statements ofwriters in times when botany had not yet developed intoa science. It is one of a number of valuable works formingan international scientific series, and the world-wide reputa-tion of its author is sufficient guarantee of the position whichthe book will occupy in botanical literature. The originalwork was published in French in 1882, and was an amplifi-cation of a chapter on the subject in the author’s work onGeographical Botany published in 1855. Every effort hasevidently been made by the author to keep pace with therapid increase of information derived, during recent years,from the exploration of ancient tombs, and with the reportspublished concerning the cultivation of species recentlyintroduced into plantations, and in general the efforts havebeen crowned with complete success. How difficult this isto attain is shown by the fact that coca leaves are notmentioned as being cultivated in India and Ceylon,although the shrub has been grown there within the lastyear or two, whence the London market will doubtlessbe supplied before long; as well as by the fact that the treeyielding cassia bark is spoken of as an uncultivated

species, whereas Mr. C. Ford published about a year agothe fact that it is regularly cultivated in China. It isalso somewhat disappointing to find nothing about thehistory of the cultivation of cinchona. Indeed, there

is evidence that the work might be considerably ex-tended in relation to plants that have been broughtunder cultivation within the last century, and of others

which, like the kola nut, are now growing in other

countries, where they have been carried by negro slavesin years gone by. Two hundred and forty-nine cultivatedplants are, however, treated of, and all, except the lentiland chick-pea, are traced back to their origin, these

two having apparently become extinct in the wild state;while wheat, maize, the broad bean, and safflower seemto ’be in course of extinction as wild plants. Severalmedicinal plants formerly, or even now cultivated, are

included in the number above mentioned; and some in-teresting facts may be gleaned from their history; thus,the castor-oil plant is stated to derive its name from havingbeen confounded by the Spaniards and Portuguese inJamaica with the " agno casto" ’’(Vitex Agnus-castus), theword "casto" being altered by the English traders into" castor." In a future edition, which will doubtless be soonrequired, the word " carthamine" might be advantageouslyreplaced by the English name, "safflower;" and in thestatement that the leaves of the Ilex paraguayensis con-tains a principle "analogous" to that of tea, the word"identical" would more correctly represent the fact. Never-theless, it is a work which should find a place in the library

of every botanist, and is indispensable to every student ofeconomic botany.

The New Chemistry. By JOSIAH PARSONS COOKE, LL.D.,Erving Professor of Chemistry and Mineralogy in HarvardUniversity. Eighth Edition, Remodelled and Enlarged.International Scientific Series. London: Kegan Paul,Trench, and Co.-The eighth edition of a book on purechemistry, even although remodelled and enlarged, calls forlittle remark. The fifteen lectures reproduced in its pagesare excellent examples of popular science, by no meansfrivolous, requiring, indeed, careful study, and yet intelli-gible to the untrained student. Thermo-chemistry, thepractical value of which is daily growing, is fairly wellnoticed, but the important discrepancies of Berthelot andThomsen in this field of discovery are passed over, no doubtfor want of space. We observe with regret that, after allthat has been published on the subject, the periodic law isascribed to Mendeljeff instead of to Newlands, who was itsactual discoverer. However, so well-written and lucid abook deserves its popularity.

The Asclepiad, No. 5, Vol. II.—The January number ofthis journal contains four chief articles, dealing with widelydifferent subjects, and afford an excellent illustration of theversatility of Dr. Richardson’s literary powers. Thereis also an important- contribution, which is well illus-

trated, entitled " Further Researches on Euthanasia for theLower Creation." The biographical and critical essay onBenjamin Rush-the American Sydenham, as Isaac Lettsomstyled him-is certainly interesting, and the portrait whichillustrates it is on the same high scale as those which haveheretofore adorned the Asclepiad. The Opuscula Practica,which form a standing order in this quarterly, are sureto be welcomed as "mites in science," containing usefulpractical notes. A few points in the properties of ethyl andmethyl bromides, and methyl iodide are given in the currentnumber.

Health Lectures for the People. Delivered in Manchester,1882-3-4. Sixth and Seventh Series, pp. 143 and 148. Man-chester : Heywood. 1884.-The sixth series of lectures

appears to be a reprint of those published in 1882, whichwere noticed in THE LANCET at the time of publication.The seventh series consists of the lectures on what the com-mittee under whose auspices they were delivered call

" Sanitary Biology." They may be described as a course ofpopular lectures on physiology. We have considerabledoubts whether they are well adapted for the classes forwhom instruction is intended on the subject of promotingand maintaining their health as individuals and that of theirfamilies; but from this we-must except the lecture by Mr.Brooke on washing and bathing, and that by Dr. Simpsonon sleep and rest. The remarks in the latter upon the inju-rious effect of home lessons at night for next day’s schoolare especially deserving of consideration.A Dictionary of Medicine, including General Pathology,

General Therapeutics, Hy,giene, and the Diseases peculiar; to Women and Children. By Various Writers. Edited byRICHARD QUAIN, M.D., F.R.S. New Issue in Six MonthlyDivisions. Price 5s. each. Division 1. London: Longmans,Green, and Co. 1885.-This Dictionary of Medicine is so

’ well known that it is only needful to notice the fact of its, issue in parts. It will, no doubt, be a convenience to many practitioners to take in the work in this form and subse-

quently bind it. There are no alterations in the text or

general style of the work; it is simply a reissue in parts.) Reports of the Meetings of the Scientific Association,recently held in Montreal and Philadelphia, as given in

" S’cience," Aug. 29th to Oct. 3rd, 1884. Published by thee Science Company, Cambridge, Mass.-This journal, which- has now reached the close of the fourth year of its issue,1 resembles the English journal Nature in the number,- variety, and interest of the communications which appeary in its columns. The numbers forwarded to us contain full