Visual Dictionary“F09shear”

Air Barrier Paper

Air Barrier Paper is used to prevent water and air penetration into the house. In this instance, the air barrier paper is wrapped around the entire home.

Attic Ventilation

Soffit Vent: vent/opening under the eave of roof to allow air flow into the attic.

Roof Turbine: Helps pull heat away from the building by pulling the air away from it.

Soffit Vent

Attic Ventilation (continued)

Gable vent: opening used to exhaust excess heat from the attic.

Ridge Vent

Ridge Vent: a long open assembly along top of room that allows air to escape

BackhoeA backhoe is primarily used in the beginning stages of construction. It is used for things like digging foundations. The size of the bucket in this picture is 2 feet.

Brick Arches

Keystone

Roman ArchJack Arch

Brick Arches (continued)

Centering: temporary framework used to construct domes and arches

Brick Bonds

Running Bonds: stretcher courses offset

English garden wall: Flemish bond every fourth or fifth course

Brick Bonds (continued)

Brick Work

stretcher

rowlock

sailorheader

Brick Work (continued)

Rowlock Stretcher

Brick Sizes

Modular

3 5/8” by 2 ¼” by 7 5/8”

4 5/8” by 2 ¼” by 11 5/8”

Norman

Bulldozer

Bulldozer: used to grade a site. A bulldozer is a machine that pushes dirt or any sort of land off or on a job site.

Cladding

Wood Boards

Brick

Cladding (continued)

Wood Shingles

Shingle: A small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion to render a wall or sloping roof water tight.

Limestone(travertine)Coursed ashlar

Code Requirements

-Window opening width is 27” and height is 35”= around 6.8 square feet. Code is 5.7 square feet minimum so it passes-Opening is 15” from finished floor. Code is maximum 44” above finished floor

Measurements of stairs: Tread- 11” riser- 7” nosing-3/4”Code= tread-10”min riser-7 ¾”max nosing-3/4” to 1 ¼ “

Control JointControl Joint: An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or a component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.

Control Joint

Isolation joint

Isolation joint: A joint in the concrete that goes all the way around a column or pole. The concrete around it is usually poured at a separate time than the rest of the slab. This power pole is separated from the rest of the median.

Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)

CMU: Building material that is hollowed concrete block. Meant to be laid in mortar. Standard dimensions are 8’ by 8’ by 16’ (height of modular bricks)

12’’ block 6” block

Decorative CMU

Ribbed BlocksSplit Blocks

Doors

Transom: small window located directly above the door

Transom

sidelight

Sidelight: taller, narrow window located on the side or sides of a door

Doors (continued)

Top rail

Bottom Rail

Panel

StileLock Rail

Panel Door

Doors (continued)

Flush Door

Electrical ComponentsMeter: measures (in Kilowatt/hour) the energy usage in a building.

Power Pole Transformer is used to step down the power so that it can be used within a residence.

Electrical Components (continued)

A panel board houses circuit breakers that divert the main power supply into different

circuits and shuts of if a circuit is tripped.

Duplex receptacle- grounds anything that is in need of a source of energy. It provide power to common household items and is found on most walls.

Electrical Components (continued)

Service Head: The assembly by which electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to meter base.

Framing Elements

Anchor Bolt #1

Sill Plate #2

Floor Joist #3

Framing Elements (continued)

Top Plate #7

Stud #6

Subflooring #4

Sole Plate #5

Framing Elements (continued)

Ceiling Joist #8

Framing Elements (continued)

Sheathing #11

Rafter #9

#10: Roof Decking

Framing Elements (continued)

Stringer #12

Front End Loader

Front end loader is used in the early stages like a backhoe, but is not meant for digging. It is used to move dirt and gravel or anything necessary. It doesn’t just push dirt like a bulldozer, it also picks it up.

Gypsum Board

Gypsum board is gypsum in between two sheets of paper. A material used for walls and ceilings. Also known as sheet rock or drywall.

Heat PumpAn advantage of a heat pump is that you do not need separate heating and cooling units. A disadvantage is that it only works in mild climates.

Compressor/evaporator Air Handling Unit

-The air handling unit circulates air through the house and moves the air over coils. -The compressor pressurizes and circulates refrigerant gas to produce heat or cooling in the coils.

Insulation

Insulation: A material used that has a low conductivity to help keep heat and cold air through the structure or assembly.

Batt/Blanket Insulation

Insulation (continued)

Loose fill Insulation Rigid Board Insulation

Foam Insulation

Lintel

Lintel: A horizontal beam that usually supports masonry above a window or door opening. This lintel is made of concrete.

Mortar Joints

Vee Joint

A vee joint is tooled and this one is 3/8” thick. It is on a house and I would guess type N mortar based on the load and location.

Mortar Joints (continued)

Raked Mortar Joint

Raked Mortar Joint is tooled. This particular one is also your typical 3/8” thick. It is located on an apartment complex. Probably type N mortar.

Oriented Strand Board

OSB: A type of sheathing similar to plywood. It is a nonveneered panel product, and it is strands of wood that is bonded together by pressure in specific directions. Its typical dimensions are 4’ by 8’.

Plumbing

Typical 3” piping used to drain.

Water Closet

A lavatory is a sink and it typically uses 1-1.5” piping to drain it.

Plumbing (continued)

Manufactured Tub

This plumbing vent is letting the gas from plumbing pipes escape through the roof instead of coming back into the house.

Plumbing (continued)

Undermount Sink

Plywood

-Plywood is a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure. -Veneer is a thin layer or sheet.

Radiant Barrier

Radiant Barrier

Radiant Barrier: A reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in a roof or wall that keeps out the passage of infrared energy.

Rebar

This is #4 rebar, meaning it is ½” in diameter. It has been placed in a concrete footing. It will be used to reinforce the concrete, the grooves/deformations are helpful because the concrete can mold to the rebar.

Steep Roof Drainage

Downspout: A vertical piping used to drain water from roof to lower level or ground.

Gutter: A channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof.

Steep Roof Drainage (continued)

Splashblock: A small piece of concrete or plastic used to divert water at bottom of the downspout.

Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment: Helps keep moisture and any penetration out of the sheathing. That is what it is doing on this home.

Steep Roof Materials (continued)

Shingle-small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion to render a wall or sloping roof

water tight.

Clay Tile

Wood Shingles

Steep Roof Materials (continued)

Metal Roof: This is just a metal roof fabricated of sheets of metal. Often, it is made of aluminized steel or galvanized steel.

Steep Roof Shapes

Hip Roof shapeGambrel Roof Shape

Gable Roof Shape

Steep Roof Terms

Valley-trough formed by the intersection of two parts of a roof

Valley

Rake-sloping edge of a steep roof

Rake

Ridge

Ridge-level intersection of two roof planes in a gable vent

Steep Roof Terms (continued)

Eave: Horizontal edge of the low side of a roof.

Soffit

Soffit-undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially a roof overhang.

This eave has no fascia, meaning it has no board or face to the eave.

Steep Roof Terms (continued)

Fascia: Exposed vertical face of an eave.

Stone

Random Rubble

Coursed Ashlar

Vapor Retarder

Vapor retarder protects moisture and is generally made of kraft (brown) paper. It is usually put on the warm winter side of the insulation.

Waterproofing

This is a liquid applied waterproofing technique that is applied in an effort to keep moisture completely out.

Weep Hole

A Weep hole or wick allows water to drain from where it has seeped through the mortar. It is in this brick wall to drain water.

Windows

This is double hung because it has two overlapping sashes that slide vertically in tracks.

This is an awning window because it is hinged at the top of the window.

Windows (continued)

This is an outswinging casement window because it is hinged at the side and it swings outward.