MANIA-- STATE OF ELEVATED MOOD & PSYCHOMOTOR ACCELERATION,

WITH EXCESS CATHECHOLAMINES ACTIVITY

TREATMENT: LITHIUM CARBONATE

INDICATIONS: BIPOLAR DISORDERS

THYROTOXICOSISINAPPROPRIATE ADH SECRETION

ABSORPTION : virtually complete within 6 -8 hrs; peak plasma levels in 30 min to 2 hrs

DISTRIBUTION: in total body water; slow entry into intracellular compartment. No protein binding

METABOLISM: NoneEXCRETION: virtually entirely in urine;

plasma half life is about 20 hours

Memblok jalur IP3 deplesi PIP2 membran menurunkan aksi transmittornya sebagai second messenger

1. CNS EFFECTS: dizziness, mild ataxia2. NEUROMUSCULAR EFECTS: fine tremors3. CVS EFFECTS: ventricular arrythmias4. GIT EFFECTS: nausea, vomiting,

diarrhea5. GUT EFFECTS: polyuria6. ENDOCRINE EFFECTS: hypothyroidism7. ALLERGIC REACTION: pruritus, rash8. OVERDOSE TOXICITY: vomiting, decrease

consciousness and seizures

A. MARKED DEHYDRATION OR SODIUM DEPLETION

B. SIGNIFICANT RENAL OR CARDIAC DISEASES

C. PREGNANCYD. RENAL CONCENTRATION ABILITY Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus with

polyuria

A. THIAZIDE DIURETICS: DECREASE RENAL CLEARANCE OF LITHIUM

B. NSAID: DECREASE LITHIUM CLEARANCEC. ANTIPYSCHOTIC AGENTS: INCREASE NEUROTOXICITY