Plant Classification

Mrs. McIntosh

2014

How are plants classified?

1.By how they transport (move) water

2.By how they reproduce

Kingdom: PLANT (Plantae)

Plants are divided into 2 classes:

A. Non-vascular

B. Vascular

A. Non-Vascular plants

Definition: Plants without tubes; grows close to ground; absorbs water & nutrients directly through cells; small; live in damp places.

Examples: liverwort, moss, hornwort

B. Vascular

Definition: Plants with tubes2 types:

1. Seedless plants-These plants reproduce by spores; no seeds

Examples: fern, horsetail

What is a spore?

Definition: A spore is a single cell that can develop into an exact copy of the plant from which it came

Size=very smallLocation=under the leaf area of

ferns…Growing requirements=wet

environment

Growing Ferns From Spores(courtesy of Sue Olsen)

Ferns are reproduced from spores that are gathered in clusters called sori, which are usually on the underside of the fronds. The spores can be yellow, green, brown, or black. The sori are sometimes covered with a membrane called an indusium, which will lift up when the spores are ripe. In the Pacific Northwest, spores ripen from late May through October and will waft off like fine dust.

Fern spores

B. Vascular-plants with tubes (continued)

2. Seed plants-These plants reproduce by

seeds.

Seed plants

2 groups of seed plants:

1. One kind is a gymnosperm. These plants do not produce flowers; they have cones; most are evergreens (soft wood)

Examples: pine tree and fir tree

Seed plants, continued

2. One kind is an angiosperm. These plants produce flowers

Examples: daisy, rose, tulip,…

Photosynthesis:how plants create their own food