Visual DictionarY Assignment

Visual Dictionary: Chapter 13 The PresidencyBy: Rajat GoyalAP US Government & Politics10/23/2011Twenty-second AmendmentPassed in 1951, the amendment that limits presidents to two terms of office.Due to the twenty-second amendment, Franklin D Roosevelt will be the only president who will be elected to four terms in office.

ImpeachmentThe political equivalent of an indictment in criminal law, prescribed by the Constitution.The House of Representatives may impeach the president by a majority vote for "Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.Impeachment was faced by two presidents in United States History, Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton, and it was said that Richard Nixon would have faced impeachment if he did not resign.

WatergateThe events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972 and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement, leading to the eventual resignation of President Nixon under the threat of impeachment.The Watergate scandal involved Nixons reelection committee funding a break in into the Democratic National Committee headquarters, Watergate National Complex.

Twenty-fifth amendmentPassed in 1967, this amendment permits the vice president to become acting president if both the vice president and the president's cabinet determine that the president is disabled. The amendment also outlines how a recuperated president can reclaim the job.President George W. Bush used the twenty-fifth amendment twice under section 3, once in 2002 and then again in 2007, to temporarily (both times were under 30 minutes) give Vice President Dick Cheney the power of acting President when he underwent colonoscopies.

cabinetA group of presidential advisers not mentioned in the Constitution, although every president has had one.Today the cabinet is composed of 14 secretaries and the attorney general.

Sentence 1: The Presidential Cabinet has grown over the years from 4 members (during George Washingtons presidency) to 15 members during the current presidency.Sentence 2:The members of the Presidential Cabinet include Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs, as well as the Attorney General.

National security Council (NSC)An office created in 1947 to coordinate the president's foreign and military policy advisers.Its formal members are the president, vice president, secretary of state, and secretary of defense, and it is managed by the president's national security assistant.Sentence 1: The National Security Council gives the president information and advice on the topic of national security, particularly in national security crisis management. Sentence 2: Tommy Vietor is the spokesman for President Barack Obamas National Security Council a

Council of Economic Advisers (CEA)A three-member body appointed by the president to advise the president on economic policy.The Council of Economic Advisers contains three members appointed by the president who advise the president on economic policy and decisions. They also interpret many important matters such as inflation and unemployment and are in charge of the annual Economic Report of the President . The Council of Economic Advisers during Barack Obamas presidency is playing a greater role than it would in other presidencies.

Office of Management and Budget (OMB)An office that grew out of the Bureau of the Budget, created in 1921, consisting of a handful of political appointees and hundreds of skilled professionals.The OMB performs both managerial and budgetary functions, and although the president is its boss, the director and staff have considerable independence in the budgetary process. The Office of Management and Budget is composed of many highly skilled career officials (more than 600) who all help prepare the presidents budget to propose to Congress.

VetoThe constitutional power of the president to send a bill back to Congress with reasons for rejecting it. A two-thirds vote in each house can override a veto.If the Bill to amend the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act with regard to abortion not being covered under this act passes the Senate, the President said he would veto it because he does not support the bill.

Pocket VetoA veto taking place when Congress adjourns within ten days of submitting a bill to the president, who simply lets it die by neither signing nor vetoing it.Sentence 1: The president may pocket veto if he not for or against a bill and does not want to be judged on his actionsSentence 2: A president is said to have pocket vetoed a bill if he does not sign or veto a bill within 10 days.

Presidential CoattailsThe situation occurring when voters cast their ballots for congressional candidates of the presidents party because they support the president. Recent studies show that few races are won this way. The party balance change due to president coattails is relatively small, only averaging one seat gain in the senate for the presidents party from 1952 to 2008 and eight seats in the House.

I support the President (D)Congressional Ballot Democrat RepublicanWar Powers ResolutionA law passed in 1973 in reaction to American fighting in Vietnam and Cambodia that requires presidents to consult with Congress whenever possible prior to using military force and to withdraw forces after 60 days unless Congress declares war or grants an extension.Presidents view the resolution as unconstitutional. The War Powers Resolution gives Congress some power on Presidential duties as Commander in Chief since it gives Congress the power to vote and pass a resolution to end a war at any time they choose even if previously they gave consent to the president to continue/start the war.

Legislative VetoThe ability of Congress to override a presidential decision. Although the War Powers Resolution asserts this authority, there is reason to believe that, if challenged, the Supreme Court would find the legislative veto in violation of the doctrine of separation of powers.Sentence 1: Congress can override a presidential veto through a legislative veto with a two-thirds majority. Sentence 2: The legislative veto does not always work under the War Powers Resolution, since often times presidents ignore Congress decisions with regard to war by deeming it unconstitutional under the separation of powers.

CrisisA sudden, unpredictable, and potential dangerous event requiring the president to play the role of crisis manager.An example of a crisis that the United States faced was the September 11 attack on the World Trade Center.