VISUAL DICTIONARYEPDM

Air Barrier Paper

A sheet material used as both a vapor retarder and an air barrier.

Essentially the air barrier paper is keeping the cracks where the sheathing is joined sealed from liquid water and wind seeping through. This is permeable for water vapor.

Attic VentilationSoffit Vent

An opening under the eave of the roof used to allow air to flow into the attic or the space below the roof sheathing.

Attic VentilationRoof Turbine

Provides attic ventilation by the spinning motion produced by the turbine. Air is removed through the turbine

Attic Ventilation

Ridge Vent

A long open assembly that allows air to circulate in and out of a gable roof at the ridge.

Attic Ventilation

Gable Vent

A screened louvered opening in a gable used for exhausting excess heat and humidity from an attic

BackhoeAn excavator whose bucket is rigidly attached to a hinged pole on the boom and is drawn backward to the machine when in operation. Typically used for excavating and digging shallow foundations. The width of the bucket is 23 inches.

Batter BoardsA temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement what will be built in the excavation.

They help line up the placement of the foundation by tying strings that run parallel to the foundation edge.

Brick Arches

JACK ARCH

Brick Arch

TUDOR ARCH

Brick Arch

Roman Arch with Keystone

Brick Arch

Centering

This is a temporary structure that is used to place masonry units or brick in a arch form.

Brick BondsThis is known as a common bond. Typically there is a course of headers every five courses of stretchers

This is known as a Flemish bond. The brick are laid in an alternating pattern between headers and stretchers.

Brick Bonds

ROWLOCK

Header

Brick Bonds

Soldier

Stretcher Rowlock (Shiner)

Brick Bonds

Sailor

Brick Sizes

3 ½ x 3 ½ x 11½ 3 ½ x 2 ¼ x 7 ½ Utility Brick Modular Brick

A bulldozer is a tracked vehicle with a large steel plate.

It is used for pushing large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc. during construction work

Bulldozer

Cladding

Brick Clad Building

Cladding

Wood Board

Cladding

Wood Shingles

These are strips of wood that are nailed in an overlapping pattern on the side of a building.

Cladding

Stone Cladding

This is a coursed rubble home.

Cladding

EIFS

Code RequirementsDimensions

Width:26” or 2’-2”Height: 35” or 2’-11”Sill Height:19” or 1’-7” Area:6.33 sqft

IBC Requirements

Min Width:20” or 1’8Min Height:24” or 2’-0”Max Sill Height:44”Area: 5.7 sqft

This window satisfies the code requirements because the area of the window is greater than the required minimum and the dimensions of the opening are greater than the required minimum.

Code Requirements

Riser length 6 ½”IBC Riser Min: 4”IBC Riser Max:7 ¾”

Tread : 12”IBC Tread Min.11”IBC Tread Max:None

This stair meets code because the riser and tread dimensions are above the minimum IBC requirements and below the maximum requirements

Concrete JointsControl Joints-Joint in a structure designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur so to eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure

Isolation Joint-Completely isolate the slab from something like a column or wall. The isolation joint is isolating a column from a slab.

Concrete Masonry Units

A typical CMU is dimensioned at 8 x 8 x 16. They are made of concrete and do come in a variety of sizes. They have a multitude of uses and are generally made at a concrete plant. They tend to be brittle.

Concrete Masonry Units

8 x 12 x 16

8 x 4 x 16

Decorative Concrete Masonry Units

Split Block

Decorative Concrete Masonry Units

Ribbed Face Block

Doors

Exterior Flush Door

Doors

Panel

Stile

Top Rail

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

Doors

Sidelight

A tall narrow window along side a door.

Doors

Transom

A small window directly above a door.

Electrical Components

Transformer

This changes the voltage of an alternating current and step down the voltage for the service head.

Electrical Components

Service Head

Receives the electrical wires from a service drop.

Meter

Measure the amount of electricity used in the building. Measures in Kilowatt hours.

Electrical ComponentsDuplex Receptacle

This hold 110V of current and runs basic appliances and lights.

Service Panel

Contains the breakers for the house and facilitates the connection to the duplex receptacles

Framing Elements

#1 Anchor Bolt

Framing Elements

#2 Sill Plate#3 Floor Joist

#4 Subflooring

Framing Elements

#5 Sole Plate

Framing Elements

#7 Top Plate

#6 Stud

Framing Elements

#8 Ceiling Joist #9 Rafter

Framing Elements#10 Roof Decking #11 Sheathing

Framing Elements

#12 Stringer

Front End Loader

This piece of equipment is a large vehicle with an arm attached to the front that can have a multitude of attachments that can be used for many things.

This is an engineering vehicle used to load materials into another type of machinery.

Gypsum BoardAn interior facing panel consisting of gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces, also called drywall and plasterboard

Disadvantage◦ Relatively Noisy

Advantage◦ Rapid Response Time

Heat Pump

Heat Pump

Compressor Unit

The compressor unit takes in and extracts hot or cold air from the external air and sends it through to the air handling unit. It increases efficiency by using refrigerant in the compressor to further heat or cool the air before it reaches the air handling unit

Heat Pump

Air Handling Unit

This device heats or cools the air that is sent through the home by means of the duct system

Insulation Batt Insulation

The purpose of insulation is to maintain a separated environment form the exterior of the house to the inside of the house.

Insulation

Rigid Board Insulation

The purpose of insulation is to maintain a separated environment form the exterior of the house to the inside of the house.

Insulation

Insulation

LintelConcrete Lintel

A lintel is a device usually steel or concrete that spans over an opening in a building and allows the brick cladding to be supported above the opening.

Mortar

This mortar joint is 3/8 inches thick and is tooled. It is used on a brick clad building that just happens to be a construction company office. The mortar type is probably type S.

Mortar

Oriented Strand Board

A building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure. It is a nonveneered panel.

OSB is made from chipped up logs that are bonded together in mats with binder that is subjected to heat and pressure. The exterior mats are layered in the way of the chips being aligned in the long direction and the inner layers being aligned randomly. They are pressed and heated and form the OSB board.

PlumbingWater Closet

The typical Size piping used is 3”

Lavatory

The typical Piping size used is 1½ in.

Plumbing

Tub placed during framing

Plumbing

VTR stands for Vent through roof and provides the relief of sewer gases.

Plumbing

This kitchen sink is a drop-in sink.

Plywood A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure.

The logs are soaked in hot water and then they are unrolled like a roll of paper. The Strip of veneer is sliced and then chipped up and kiln dried. The veneers are then glued together in the pattern designated. They are then placed under pressure to form the plywood panels we see.

Veneer-a thing layer, sheet, or facing

Radiant Barrier

Rebar

The diameter of the rebar is ¾ in and a number 6 rebar. The purpose of the deformation is to keep the rebar in place in the concrete after the concrete has been poured and set up around the rebar.

Steep Roof Drainage

Gutter Downspout

Gutters and Downspouts are used to collect rain water and snow melt from the roof and direct it to the ground without allowing the moisture to touch the sides of the building. They also limit the erosion of the ground. They are generally made of aluminum and

are connected at the eave of the roof.

Steep Roof Drainage

Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment

A layer of waterproofing material such as building felt between the sheathing and the roofing.

Steep Roof Materials

Clay Tile Roof

Steep Roof MaterialsMetal Shingles

A shingle is a small light weight unit that is applied in overlapping layers with staggered vertical joints

Steep Roof Materials

Metal Panel Roofing

The typical materials used are galvanized Aluminum, Zinc, Chromium, Steel, Stainless steel, Cadmium, Nickel, Tin, Lead, Brass, Bronze, Copper or aluminized steel.

Steep Roof Shapes

Gambrel

Gable Hip

Mansard

Steep Roof TermsRidgeLevel intersection of two roof planes in a gable roof

ValleyA trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes

Steep Roof TermsRakeThe sloping edge of a steep roof.

EaveThe horizontal edge of the low side of a sloping roof.

Steep Roof TermsSoffitThe undersurface of a horizontal element of a building

FasciaThe exposed vertical face of an eave.

Steep Roof TermsBuilding Without Fascia

Fascia is the exposed vertical face of an eave.

Stone

Uncoursed Ashlar

Stone

Coursed Ashlar

Stone

Random Rubble

Stone

Vapor RetarderThe vapor retarder is a layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly It is generally place on the warm in winter side of the building assembly.

Waterproofing

Weep Hole

A small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly

Welded Wire Fabric

The measurements of the grid are 6 inches by 6 inches.

Windows

Awning Window

This is an awning window because it is hinged in the vertical direction on the top plane. The window opens outward and resembles an awning.

Windows

Double Hung Window

This window has two moving sashes that slide up and down in tracks of a window.

WindowsSliding Window

This window has one sash that moves left and right in tracks on the top and bottom of the window frame.